Yes, though you may need to adjust your PYTHONPATH or sys.path.
For example, using Maya 2008 64-bit on a XP 64-bit machine, we were able to load in the qb python module and execute calls.
Here are the commands run from Maya's Script Editor (Python):
import sys
print sys.path
sys.path.insert(0, r'C:\Program Files\pfx\qube\api\python\qb')
print sys.path
import qb
print qb.version()
print qb.hostinfo()[0]
Here are a few key lines from the results showing that it does work:
import sys
print sys.path
sys.path.insert(0, r'C:\Program Files\pfx\qube\api\python\qb')
print sys.path
import qb
print qb.version()
print qb.hostinfo()[0]
...
5.3-0
Host({'description': '', 'lastupdate': 1222116464, 'restrictions': '', 'jobtypes': '...' }]
